景深预览（Depth of field preview）：

　　Depth of field Preview:

　　为了看到实际的景深，有的相机提供了景深预览按钮，按下按钮，把光圈收缩到选定的大小，看到场景就和拍摄后胶片(记忆卡)纪录的场景一样。

　　In order to see the actual depth of field, some cameras provide the depth of field preview button, press the button, shrink the aperture to the selected size, and see the scene just like the scene recorded by the film (memory card) after shooting.

　　感光度ISO

　　Sensitivity ISO

　　表示感光材料感光的快慢程度。单位用“度”或“定”来表示，如“ISO100/21”表示感光度为100度/21定的胶卷。感光度越高，胶片越灵敏（就是在同样的拍摄环境下正常拍摄同一张照片所需要的光线越少，其表现为能用更高的快门或更小的光圈）。

　　Indicates how fast or slow the sensitive material is sensitive to light. The unit is expressed by "degree" or "fixed". For example, "iso100 / 21" means the film with a sensitivity of 100 degrees / 21. The higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive the film is (that is, the less light is needed to take the same picture under the same shooting environment, which can be represented by a higher shutter or a smaller aperture).

　　色温Color temperature

　　Color temperature

　　各种不同的光所含的不同色素称为“色温”。单位为“K”。我们通常所用的日光型彩色负片所能适应的色温为5400K-5600K；灯光型A型、B型所能适应的色温分别为3400K和3200K。所以，我们要根据拍摄对象、环境来选择不同类型的胶卷，否则就会出现偏色现象（除非用滤色镜校正色温）。

　　Different colors in different kinds of light are called "color temperature". The unit is "K". The color temperature of the sun type color negative film is 5400k-5600k, and that of the light type A and B is 3400k and 3200K, respectively. Therefore, we need to choose different types of film according to the subject and environment, otherwise there will be color deviation (unless the color filter is used to correct the color temperature).

　　白平衡White balance

　　White balance

　　由于不同的光照条件的光谱特性不同，拍出的照片常常会偏色，例如，在日光灯下会偏蓝、在白炽灯下会偏黄等。为了消除或减轻这种色偏，数码相机可根据不同的光线条件调节色彩设置，使照片颜色尽量不失真。因为这种调节常常以白色为基准，故称白平衡。

　　Due to the different spectral characteristics of different lighting conditions, the photos taken are often biased, for example, blue under fluorescent lamp, yellow under incandescent lamp, etc. In order to eliminate or reduce the color deviation, the digital camera can adjust the color settings according to different light conditions, so that the color of the photo is not distorted as much as possible. Because this adjustment is often based on white, it is called white balance.

　　曝光Exposure

　　Exposure

　　曝光补偿（Exposure Compensation）

　　Exposure compensation

　　一般曝光补偿都是用在自动或者半自动曝光模式中的，如果是全手动曝光模式，很少采用曝光补偿，因为依靠快门和光圈的调节，也可以改变进光量了。

　　Generally, the exposure compensation is used in the automatic or semi-automatic exposure mode. If the exposure mode is full manual, the exposure compensation is rarely used, because the light input can also be changed depending on the adjustment of the shutter and aperture.

    在复杂的光线及强对比高反差德环境下中，利用自动曝光或者快门、光圈优先模式，有时很难照顾全面，无法突出主题，达到预期的效果，这时就需要拍摄者手工对设备进行相应的曝光参数调整，这就是曝光补偿，也称±EV。对于初学者来讲,曝光补偿一般用于静物、景物拍摄的场合。这个场合适合从容进行参数调整，用不同的补偿方案拍摄多张照片以供挑选。不过在存在反差极大的画面中，曝光补偿很难照顾全面，容易顾此失彼。

　　In the complex light and high contrast environment, using auto exposure or shutter, aperture priority mode, sometimes it is difficult to take full care of, can not highlight the theme, to achieve the desired effect, then the photographer needs to manually adjust the exposure parameters of the device, which is exposure compensation, also known as ± ev. For beginners, exposure compensation is generally used for still life and scene shooting. This occasion is suitable for parameter adjustment and taking multiple photos with different compensation schemes for selection. However, in the picture with great contrast, exposure compensation is difficult to take full care of and easy to consider one thing and lose the other.